List of town tramway systems in Brazil

This is a list of town tramway systems in Brazil by Estado. It includes all tram systems, past and present.

Contents 1 Alagoas 2 Amazonas 3 Bahia 4 Ceará 5 Espírito Santo 6 Goiás 7 Maranhão 8 Mato Grosso 9 Minas Gerais 10 Pará 11 Paraíba 12 Paraná 13 Pernambuco 14 Piauí 15 Rio de Janeiro 16 Rio Grande do Norte 17 Rio Grande do Sul 18 Santa Catarina 19 São Paulo 20 Sergipe 21 References 22 See also

Alagoas

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Maceió	Steam	23 Mar 1868	?	[1]
		Horse	25 Dec 1871	?	[2]
		Electric	12 Jun 1914	ca. 1956	[3]
	Penedo	Horse	1 Jan 1909	31 Dec 1936	[4]

Amazonas

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Manaus	Steam	ca. 1895	ca. 1898	[5], [6]
		Electric	1 Aug 1899	28 Feb 1957	[7], [8] Operation suspended 1954 - 1956.

Bahia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Alagoinhas	Horse	?	?
	Cachoeira	Horse	30 Oct 1872	1921	[9]
	Ilhéus	Horse	?	?
	Nazaré	Horse	?	?
		Steam	?	?
	Salvador	Horse	1860	?	[10], [11]
		Steam	12 May 1869	?	[12], [13]
		Electric	14 Mar 1897	Sep 1961	[14], [15], [16]
	Santo Amaro	Horse	1 Jan 1874	1962	[17]

Ceará

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Fortaleza	Horse	25 Apr 1880 (or ca. 1875)	?	[18]
		Electric	9 Oct 1913	19 May 1947	[19]
	Sobral	Horse	1894	1918	[20]

• Aracati - Horse traction (?). Morrison (1989, page 43) [21] states that an 1873 brochure issued by the Brazilian government mentions a tramway project in this town; it is not known whether the tramway was built.

Espírito Santo

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Cachoeiro de Itapemirim	Electric	25 Dec 1924	4 Jun 1938	[22]
	Vila Velha	Electric	12 Apr 1912	15 Dec 1967	[23], [24] Connected Paul (ferry terminal for Vitória) and Vila Velha.
	Vitória	Horse	11 Jul 1907	by 1913	[25], [26]
		Electric	21 Jul 1911	23 May 1963	[27], [28]

Goiás

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Goiás	Horse	?	?

Maranhão

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Caxias	Horse	?	?
	Dom Pedro	Horse	?	?
	São Luís	Horse	ca. 1872	?	[29]
		Electric	15 Sep 1924	Dec 1966	[30]
	♦ Tirirical	Electric	26 Oct 1978	1983	[31]

Mato Grosso

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Cuiabá	Mule	30 Apr 1891	1935	[32]

Minas Gerais

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Além Paraíba	Mule	1895	1925 (?)	[33]
		Electric	15 Nov 1925	25 Jul 1939	[34] Closed following an accident.
	Belo Horizonte	Steam	7 Sep 1895	?	[35], [36]
		Horse	16 Feb 1899	?	[37], [38]
		Electric	2 Sep 1902	30 Jun 1963	[39], [40]
	Bom Sucesso	Electric	21 Sep 1930	1950 (?).	[41]
	Campanha	Mule	1911	?	[42]
		Steam	1911 (?)	?	[43]
		Petrol (gasoline) (?)			[44]
		Electric (?)			[45] see note.
	Cataguases	Horse	25 Nov 1910 10 Aug 1915	1914 24 Mar 1918	[46]
	Caxambu	Horse	1911	1925	[47]
	Guarará	Mule	1895	1923	[48]
	Juiz de Fora	Horse	7 Sep 1889	?	[49]
		Electric	6 Jun 1906	14 Apr 1969	[50]
	Lavras	Electric	21 Oct 1911	8 Nov 1967	[51]
	Mar de Espanha	Horse (?)			[52] see note.
	Nova Lima - Rapopos	Electric	3 Apr 1913	ca. 1970	[53]
	Ouro Preto	Mule	1 Dec 1888	ca. 1891	[54]
	Pedro Leopoldo	Mule	1907	1930	[55]
	Sacramento - Cipó	Electric	15 Nov 1913	Oct 1937	[56]
	São Lourenço	Horse	1905	1932	[57]
	Telófilo Otoni	Horse	Sep 1918	May 1938	[58]
	Ubá	Mule	1895	1922	[59]

• Note for Campanha: Morrison (1989, page 87) [60] describes conflicting information on whether the tramway was electrified, and when it closed.
• Note for Mar de Espanha: Morrison (1989, page 79) [61] states that one source (dated 1889) mentions a tramway in this town, but no other information could be located.

Pará

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Belém	Steam	1 Sep 1869	?	[62], [63]
		Mule	1870	21 Jul 1908	[64], [65]
		Electric	15 Aug 1907	27 Apr 1947	[66], [67] Heritage tramway opened 18 Aug 2005 [68].
	Mosqueiro	Horse	ca. 1913 (?)	?	[69]
	San Antônio do Prata	Horse	1907	1914	[70] Replaced by railway branch line.

Paraíba

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Itabaiana	Horse	1914	1929	[71]
	João Pessoa	Horse	6 Jun 1896	?	[72]
		Steam	21 Oct 1906	1919	[73]
		Petrol (gasoline)	15 Feb 1911	1919	[74]
		Electric	19 Feb 1914	1958	[75]

Paraná

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Curitiba	Mule	8 Nov 1887	1913	[76], [77]
		Electric	7 Jan 1913	Jun 1952	[78], [79]
	Paranaguá	Steam	7 Dec 1893	1938	[80]
		Mule	?	1938	[81]
		Petrol (gasoline)	?	1938	[82]

Pernambuco

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Afogados da Ingazeira	Horse	1895	ca. 1914	[83]
	Arcoverde	Horse	?	?	[84] See Carpina (below).
	Carpina	Horse	?	?	[85] Morrison (1989, page 55) cites a Recife historian who states that this town had a tramway.
	Caruaru	Horse	?	?	[86] See Carpina (above).
	Limoeiro	Horse	?	?	[87]
		Petrol (gasoline)	?	1952	[88]
	Palmares	Horse	?	?	[89] See Carpina (above).
	Pesqueira	Horse	191_	193_	[90]
	Recife	Steam	5 Jan 1867	1922	[91], [92]
		Mule	22 Sep 1871	?	[93], [94]
		Electric	13 May 1914	Mar 1954.	[95], [96] Service (one daily return trip, worked by a single car) resumed because of court action by the local authority, and continued to 1960.
	Timbaúba	Horse	10 Oct 1915	193_	[97]
	Triunfo	Horse	?	?	[98] See Carpina (above).

• Garanhuns - Diesel traction [99]. Test operations conducted with a former Recife tramcar, equipped with a diesel engine, in 1968 over a (then recently-closed) railway branch. The engine, overloaded by large numbers of passengers seeking to ride on opening day, failed. Public service was not attempted thereafter.

• Goiana - Horse traction (?). Morrison (1989, page 55) [100] states that an 1873 brochure issued by the Brazilian government mentions a tramway project in this town; it is not known whether the tramway was built.

Piauí

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Parnaíba	Horse	?	?
	Teresina	Horse	?	?	[101]

Rio de Janeiro

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Barra do Piraí	Mule	?	?
	Campos (dos Goytacazes)	Mule	19 Sep 1875	1916	[1]
		Electric	14 Oct 1916 1923	15 Nov 1918 15 Nov 1964	[1]
		Petrol (gasoline)	1918	1923	[1]
	Macaé	Mule	29 Jun 1872	1932	[1]
	Magé	Horse	4 Feb 1873	1 Nov 1896	[1] Temporary operation on planned railway route.
	Manuel Duarte	Horse	1883	1911	[1] Connected Paraibuna and Manuel Duarte. Replaced by railway line.
	Mendes	Mule	1889	ca. 1912	[1] See note.
	Nova Friburgo	Mule	1883	1933	[1]
	Petrópolis	Electric	13 Dec 1912	15 Jul 1939	[1]
	Riberão das Lajes	Petrol (gasoline)	1906	1935	[1] Operated over former dam-construction railway from Nicanor Pereira.
	(São Sebastião do) Rio de Janeiro	Horse	31 Jan 1859 9 Oct 1868	Sep 1862 26 Mar 1910	[2]
		Steam	Sep 1862 1882	28 Nov 1866 ?	[2]
		Electric	8 Oct 1892	21 Dec 1967	[2]
	♦ Madureira	Horse	28 Sep 1911	1928	[2]
		Electric	12 Oct 1928	?	[2]
Santa Teresa Tram	♦ Santa Teresa	Horse	25 May 1875	Jun 1897	[2], [102], [103]
		Electric	1 Sep 1896		[2]
	♦ Campo Grande	Electric	17 May 1917	31 Oct 1967	[1]
	♦ Ilha do Governador	Electric	4 Oct 1922	10 Apr 1965	[2]
	♦ Santa Cruz	Horse	1880	1911	[1]
	♦ Niterói	Horse	9 Oct 1871	15 Aug 1908	[1]
		Accumulator (storage battery)	7 Oct 1883	after Feb 1885	[1]
		Electric	31 Oct 1906	31 Jul 1964	[1]
	♦♦ São Gonçalo	Steam	5 Aug 1899	Feb 1917	[1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara.
		Petrol (gasoline)	15 Feb 1917	Jul 1925	[1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara.
		Electric	25 Aug 1910	31 Jul 1964	[1] Connected Niterói and Alcântara. See note.
	Teresópolis	Horse	?	?
	Vassouras	Mule	11 Jul 1883	1914	[1]

• Barra do Piraí - Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 45) lists a tramway (using animal traction) in this town. Morrison (1989, page 120) states that an 1888 government report describes three concessions for tramway construction, and a 1922 publication includes two photographs showing track and overhead wire in streets. However, he adds that a visit to the city "failed to produce any information about the existence of a passenger tramway."
• Note for Mendes: Tramway extended from Humberto Antunes railway station. Electric traction (for goods) and petrol traction (for passengers), ca. 1912 - 1952. Unconnected line extended from Mendes railway station, horse traction, 1900 - 1932.
• Note for Niterói: Niterói tramway undertaking extended to São Gonçalo from 25 Aug 1910 (electric traction). São Gonçalo tramway absorbed by Niterói undertaking from 1921.
• Notes for Rio de Janeiro: Period of no tramway operation following closure of first line (to Tijuca, in 1866) and opening of the second line (to Largo do Machado) on 9 Oct 1868 (later extended to Jardim Botânico). Tijuca line reopened (by a new undertaking) on 19 Jan 1870. First tramway line in Zona Norte opened 29 Nov 1873.
  • Experiments with accumulator (storage battery) traction on 2 Jul 1887 and 16 Jul 1887.
  • Electric traction inaugurated in Zona Sul on 8 Oct 1892, and in Zona Norte on 1 Jul 1905. Last line in Zona Norte closed 21 May 1963. Only one line (in Zona Sul) remained in operation after 17 May 1965.
  • Alto da Boa Vista line [104] retained as tourist line, but operation suspended because of storm damage 10 Jan 1966 - May 1966. Operation again suspended because of storm daage, 22 Jan 1967 - Mar 1967. Following a period of intermittent operation, the line was declared closed on 21 Dec 1967.
• Note for Santa Cruz: Connected Santa Cruz and Itaguaí (1880 - 1907, replaced by railway branch), and Santa Cruz and Sepetiba (27 Jun 1884 - 1911).

Rio Grande do Norte

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Macau	Horse	?	?
	Mossoró	Horse	?	?
		Steam	?	?
	Natal	Horse	7 Sep 1908	?	[105]
		Electric	2 Oct 1911	May 1955	[106]

Rio Grande do Sul

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Bagé	Horse (?)	?	?	[107]
	Cassino	Horse (?)	?	?	[108]
	Passo Fundo	Horse	?	?
	Pelotas	Horse	9 Nov 1873	ca. 1915	[109]
		Electric	20 Oct 1915	Apr 1955	[110]
	Porto Alegre	Mule	1 Nov 1864 4 Jan 1873	1872 1914	[111], [112]
		Electric	10 Mar 1908	8 Mar 1970	[113], [114]
	Rio Grande	Mule	5 Jul 1876	ca. 1912	[115]
		Electric	15 Nov 1911	15 Jun 1967	[116]
	Santa Maria	Horse	?	?
	São Leopoldo	Horse	29 Nov 1914	1915	[117]
	Uruguaiana	Horse (?)	?	?	[118]

Santa Catarina

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Florianópolis	Mule	6 Nov 1880 5 Jun 1909	1885 193_	[119]
	Joinville	Mule	29 Jan 1911	10 Apr 1917	[120]

São Paulo

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Campinas	Electric	24 Jun 1912	24 May 1968	[121] Heritage tramway opened 5 Nov 1972 (operates on Saturdays and Sundays, year round).
	♦ Campinas - Joaquím Egido - Souzas - Cabras	Steam	1894	1917	[122]
		Electric	18 Mar 1917	10 Feb 1960	[123]
	♦ Joaquím Egido - Doutor Lacerda	Petrol (gasoline)	1919	1 Oct 1939	[124]
	Campos do Jordão	Petrol (gasoline)	15 Nov 1914 21 Dec 1924	1916 1956	[125], [126], [127]
		Electric	1956		[128], [129], [130]
	♦ Pindamonhangaba - Campos do Jordão	Petrol (gasoline)	15 Nov 1914	ca. 1916	[131], [132], [133] Goods trains worked by steam. Line not operated between ca. 1916 and 1924.
		Electric	21 Dec 1924		[134], [135], [136] Operation suspended 1982 - Oct 1986.
	Guaratinguetá	Mule	1898	ca. 1920	[137]
		Electric	7 Mar 1914	ca. 1957	[138] Line connected Guaratinguetá and Aparecida.
	♦ Aparecida	Mule	1895	1913	[139]
		Electric	8 Dec 1913	ca. 1957	[140]
	Jundiaí	Mule	1893	1896	[141]
		(Electric)			Morrison (1989, page 46) [142] states that an electric tramway project in 1914 was stopped because of the First World War.
	Lorena	Mule	18 Oct 1886	1896	[143]
	Piracicaba	Electric	15 Jan 1916	3 Oct 1969	[144]
	Piraju	Electric	1 Aug 1915	1931 (or 2 Aug 1937)	Morrison (1989, page 159) [145], [146] describes conflicting information about the date of closure.
	♦ Piraju - Sarutaiá	Electric	15 Aug 1915	1931 (or 2 Aug 1937)	Morrison (1989, page 159) [147], [148] describes conflicting information about the date of closure.
	Ribeirão Preto	(Electric)			Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 46) states that the tramway was constructed, but not opened.
	Santo André	Horse	?	?
	Santos	Mule	8 Oct 1871	3 May 1912	[149], [150]
		Electric	28 Apr 1909	28 Feb 1971	[151], [152] Heritage tramway, 10 Jun 1984 - Oct 1986. Another new heritage tram opened in 23 September 2000
	♦ São Vicente	Mule	24 Oct 1875	1909	[153]
		Electric traction	28 Apr 1909	?	[154] Operated as part of Santos system.
	♦ Guarujá - Itapema	Steam	1893	1925	[155]
		Electric	11 Jan 1925	13 Jul 1956	[156]
	São Carlos	Horse	1895	1896	[157], [158] Tramway closed because of yellow fever epidemic.
		Electric	27 Dec 1914	16 Jun 1962	[159], [160]
	São Paulo	Mule	12 Oct 1872	1907	[161]
		Steam	14 Mar 1886	1914	[162]
		Electric	7 May 1900	27 Mar 1968	[163]
	♦ São Bernardo do Campo	Petrol (gasoline)	3 May 1923	5 Oct 1930	[164] Tramway connected São Bernardo do Campo and São Caetano (do Sul).
	♦ Tramway da Cantareira	Steam	?	31 May 1965	[165] See note.
	Sorocaba	Electric	30 Dec 1915	28 Feb 1959	[166], [167]
	♦ Sorocaba - Votorantim	Electric	4 Feb 1922	1966	[168], [169] Public passenger service withdrawn 1966, non-public passenger service withdrawn 1977.
	Taubaté	Mule	27 May 1879	ca. 1910	[170]
		Steam	1880	1920	[171] Connected Taubaté and Tremembé.

Non-public tramway:

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Itatinga	Steam	1906	1958	[172], [173]
		Electric	Jan 1958		[174]

• Note for São Paulo - Tramway da Cantareira: Narrow-gauge light railway. Connected São Paulo, Cantareira, and Guarulhos. Electrification of Guarulhos line planned (ca. 1942, not carried out. Cantareira line closed 1957. Guarulhos line closed 31 May 1965.

Sergipe

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Aracaju	Mule	24 Oct 1908	?	[175]
		Electric	2 Jun 1926	1955	[176]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s} Rio de Janeiro (2) on tramz.com
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Rio de Janeiro (1) on tramz.com

• Books, Periodicals and External Links

See also

• List of town tramway systems
• List of town tramway systems in South America
• List of light-rail transit systems
• List of rapid transit systems
• List of trolleybus systems